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What Is Gastroenterology ?
Gastroenterology is a branch of medicine which studies the digestive system and its functions and diseases. The name Gastroenterology is derived from three words- gastros, enteron and logos. The physicians who deal with this branch of study are called gastroenterologists. Apart from this, there may also be specialists who specialize in GI radiology, hepatobiliary, gastric medicine or in GI oncology. |
Hepatology, which is the study of the liver, pancreas and the biliary tree, is generally considered a subset of this branch of study.
Right from the 18th century, there were several advances and research made in this subject. Lazzaro Spallanzani proved the role and function of gastric juice with regard to food, in 1780. In 1767, an important work on dysentery was written and explained by Johann von Zimmerman the German. In 1777, cancer in the gallbladder was described by Maximillian Stoll who was from Vienna. In the latter part of the century, in 1805, Philip Bozzini carried out what is believed to be the first experiment in endoscopy. In 1823, it was shown that stomach juices contain HCl or Hydrochloric acid, by William Prout. In 1876, the properteis of Kupfer cells present in the liver was shown by Karl Wilhelm von Kupffer.
It was during the First World War that several important diseases of the digestive system were discussed by Rudolph Schindler. In 2005, Barry Marshall and Robin Warren won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine as they discovered the bacterium Helicobacter pylori which they said played a causative role in peptic ulcers.
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What Is Gastroenterology ?
